What's My Property: Crash Course Kids #35.2 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | let's say my friend and I have just gone to | |
| 00:11 | a birthday party and we each got a gift bag | |
| 00:13 | that's full of candy . And my friend makes me | |
| 00:16 | an offer one that I can't refuse . She says | |
| 00:19 | I can have any one piece of candy and her | |
| 00:21 | bag , but I can only take it without looking | |
| 00:23 | now Sam into gummy frogs . They're my thing . | |
| 00:26 | That's what I want . Fortunately I have a secret | |
| 00:30 | a science secrets . When I reach into the bag | |
| 00:33 | , I can use the properties of the candy to | |
| 00:35 | help me guess if I want a gummy frog , | |
| 00:37 | I'm going to feel around for something something that's kind | |
| 00:39 | of small squishy and you know , frog shaped . | |
| 00:43 | But how else can we use this idea ? I | |
| 00:45 | mean in other non candy related context , does it | |
| 00:48 | work on school supplies , breakfast cereals , hardware ? | |
| 00:51 | I mean , what exactly can we tell about an | |
| 00:53 | unknown substance by its properties ? We already know that | |
| 01:01 | a substance is matter , that's made of one kind | |
| 01:03 | of atom or molecule and that has specific properties and | |
| 01:06 | that some substances are elements , which means they can't | |
| 01:09 | be broken down into other substance through physical changes or | |
| 01:11 | chemical reactions . We also know that we can group | |
| 01:14 | substances and elements by their properties . Like we found | |
| 01:17 | that all of the metal things from the bottom of | |
| 01:19 | my backpack were shining and attracted to a magnet . | |
| 01:21 | So metals have high reflectivity and magnetic bitty . What | |
| 01:25 | else do we know about medals ? If we think | |
| 01:26 | back to our lunch investigation , we know that metals | |
| 01:29 | are good conductors of heat and electricity and metals are | |
| 01:32 | often silver or gray in color . Let's try another | |
| 01:34 | substance . What are some properties of gases ? Let's | |
| 01:38 | think way back to some of our first videos . | |
| 01:40 | When we talked about gases , we learn that gases | |
| 01:43 | have no definite size or shape the molecules in a | |
| 01:46 | gas spread out to fill the container . They're in | |
| 01:48 | , gases are usually transparent to light passes through them | |
| 01:51 | . If we think about some of the gases we | |
| 01:53 | know and love like carbon dioxide and oxygen , we | |
| 01:56 | find that they have these properties . Both of these | |
| 01:59 | gases fill up the space there in and are transparent | |
| 02:02 | gases and metals are just two examples of groups of | |
| 02:05 | substances that have specific properties . And because the properties | |
| 02:08 | are pretty specific , they come in handy when we're | |
| 02:10 | trying to find out about an unknown substance . So | |
| 02:13 | let's get the investigation rolling . Mm . Say we | |
| 02:19 | have two unknown substances . Both look the same kind | |
| 02:22 | of whitish and powdery . How can we tell them | |
| 02:25 | apart ? Now would be the time to go over | |
| 02:26 | a truly important scientific rule . No tasting ever . | |
| 02:31 | Right Since that's out . What should we do ? | |
| 02:33 | Think back to our picnic . Remember what we tried | |
| 02:36 | to do with sand and with sugar , we try | |
| 02:38 | to see which dissolved in water . So if we | |
| 02:40 | took a spoonful of each unknown substance and try to | |
| 02:42 | dissolve it , the one that dissolved would be the | |
| 02:44 | sugar . One of the properties of sugar is that | |
| 02:46 | it dissolves in water . Sand , as anyone who's | |
| 02:49 | been in the ocean will tell you does not dissolve | |
| 02:52 | in water . It just gets into our bathing suits | |
| 02:55 | . But now it's time to level up . This | |
| 02:58 | time we'll look at two mystery objects that are totally | |
| 03:00 | hidden from view . Our mission should we choose to | |
| 03:03 | accept it is to find out which one is metal | |
| 03:05 | . If we use our sense of touch , we | |
| 03:07 | can tell that object A . Is not very flexible | |
| 03:09 | . It doesn't flex or give when I press it | |
| 03:11 | , object B , on the other hand , is | |
| 03:13 | pretty malleable . It squishes when I touch it . | |
| 03:16 | So far . We can make the guest that A | |
| 03:18 | . Is metal . But in science the more evidence | |
| 03:21 | the better . Because malleability or the ability to change | |
| 03:24 | shape is actually a property of some softer metals . | |
| 03:27 | So we need more data . Let's bring in our | |
| 03:29 | trusty magnet as you can probably see because I can't | |
| 03:33 | object A . Seems to be attracted to the magnet | |
| 03:36 | while B . Isn't . So object A . Has | |
| 03:39 | the properties of being hard and being attracted to the | |
| 03:41 | magnet . So we're going to guess that it's the | |
| 03:43 | metal and we're right , object A . Is a | |
| 03:47 | big old nail and B . Is hey my gummy | |
| 03:50 | frog . Mhm . So substances and elements have specific | |
| 03:57 | properties . And because of this we can use properties | |
| 04:00 | like hardness , malleability or magnetism to tell something about | |
| 04:04 | . Or even to identify unknown substances . It doesn't | |
| 04:07 | matter if it's candy or handy hardware . And I'm | |
| 04:12 | out of gummy frogs . |
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