12th Grade ELA - Free Educational videos for Students in K-12

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00:07	Good morning Scholars . Good morning everyone . Uh ,
00:10	as usual , on Wednesday , we're going to start
00:12	with our archetypal theory . Um , today's archetypal character
00:16	is the Fool . Our last two characters have been
00:19	a little bit challenging . Remember that recently we took
00:21	a look at the alter ego , which is really
00:23	difficult . And we took a look at the byronic
00:26	hero , which is quite difficult . That rough around
00:28	the edges , kind of hero , very different than
00:29	the standard hero . This is a figure that I
00:31	think is a lot more recognizable . So as usual
00:35	, take a moment to read over the description and
00:37	turn to your neighbors and do some informal brainstorming about
00:40	figures you think fit this model , both from literature
00:44	and from pop culture . Yeah , he's a little
00:52	too intelligent . I think maybe he's more of a
00:55	byronic hero . This one needs to be a little
00:57	good . Yeah , Yes . Forrest gump is perfect
01:02	. That's a perfect example . I never come back
01:04	from that . The only thing about his parent is
01:10	that he's a little too clever . Yeah , he's
01:12	more of a sidekick . You want , you want
01:14	a character that generates a little bit more kind of
01:16	silly comic . Really . Maybe so yeah , sometimes
01:26	, yeah , sometimes this character emerges with the sidekick
01:29	. Yeah , that happens quite often actually . Anything
01:33	good . Yeah , maybe . So . Think about
01:39	Moby Dick does . I don't know if there's really
01:40	any uproariously funny moments and that was a little bit
01:44	of a serious book . Uh I say the twins
01:53	, Yeah , sometimes it's like a , it's like
02:00	mostly the Fool is a little bit substandard intelligence ,
02:03	but then we'll have these moments of crazy epiphany ,
02:06	which is where the irony comes in . You know
02:09	, we perceive the fool to be lowly and stature
02:11	lowly and intelligence and then we'll come out with some
02:13	kind of gem . Yeah , I think it's probably
02:24	the goofballs there . Yeah , yeah . Jim jim
02:28	is a byronic hero slash euros best friend . Okay
02:32	. Yeah , absolutely . Anything good ? That's perfect
02:37	. That's perfect . Yeah , absolutely . That's a
02:43	good one . Now that everyone has had a chance
02:48	to do some brainstorming and speak with neighbors as usual
02:51	. We're gonna discuss these characteristics together and come up
02:54	with some examples from literature and pop culture . So
02:59	the Fool , um , as I mentioned , this
03:02	is a very common , very common character as well
03:05	. And what you look for here is you look
03:07	for the fool to be an ironic form of comic
03:10	relief . So what is comic relief ? Someone give
03:13	us an understanding of comic relief . Yes , it's
03:16	a serious moments that one person who just makes it
03:18	like eases the mood . Absolutely . I like the
03:20	way you said , that eases the mood . That's
03:22	what you look for . A comic relief . Therefore
03:25	we will often find fools in what kinds of works
03:28	of literature than class drama or tragedy . You look
03:32	for this figure to to kind of shake things up
03:34	because if the mood gets too serious it's hard for
03:36	the audience to maintain focus . And we have a
03:38	little bit of irony here and here is essentially the
03:41	the irony that goes on . Although the fool is
03:46	ridiculous . And although the fool may not have the
03:50	highest social standing or may not be the most intellectually
03:52	gifted , the fool will sometimes come out with these
03:56	little gems of wisdom . So the irony here is
03:59	that although lowly , the fool is usually momentarily wise
04:14	, the fool will have these little quick , wise
04:17	moments and we're gonna talk about why . Um so
04:19	again , his appearance or his station in life ,
04:22	you know , his socioeconomic status , He may not
04:24	be noble . Okay . Maybe kind of lowly or
04:27	ridiculous or silly , but this often reminds us of
04:31	how arbitrary class snobbery can be . What is arbitrary
04:36	, random , random , unfair , you know ,
04:39	not based on not based on fact , because a
04:41	lot of times when people in certain social classes ,
04:43	the higher ones , when they consider themselves better than
04:45	everyone else , that class snobbery is shattered by the
04:49	fool because here's the fool in the lower class or
04:51	who gets less respect . And he'll see something about
04:54	the upper class that really exposes the ridiculousness of their
04:57	folly . So he's a commentator , he comments upon
05:00	the powerful people , the wealthy people in society and
05:03	he gets away with it . How can the fool
05:05	get away with making these kinds of comments ? How
05:11	can he do it ? How can he get away
05:12	with it ? Yes , because he's like not afraid
05:15	to say stupid things . So he can kind of
05:18	say what's on everyone else's mind . Absolutely . And
05:21	then if he says something that does kind of hit
05:22	close to home , everybody says , oh well ,
05:24	he's always saying ridiculous things like that , it makes
05:26	it safe , right ? Um so at times this
05:30	is what we were just getting at , He can
05:31	relate profound wisdom or irony because this inferior status gives
05:36	him insight on the human condition . See , he's
05:39	in a lot of ways , the Fools should feel
05:41	like an outsider , and you know , that when
05:44	you remove yourself from a situation , that's when you
05:46	get perspective , when you're in the situation , it's
05:50	hard to get a good perspective because you're biased because
05:52	you're in it , okay ? Um now , what's
05:54	also kind of funny about the fool ? The Fool
05:57	will often have strangely these streaks of good luck and
06:01	sometimes you'll see this archetype merged with the sidekick ,
06:05	but what will make the fool a little bit different
06:07	? This is one of the distinguishing factors , is
06:10	that the sidekick may never have a moment of real
06:15	wisdom , whereas the fool will . So that's one
06:18	way that you can separate them . But sometimes these
06:20	figures do do merge to combine all that makes sense
06:24	. Okay , so let's hear from you , what
06:27	are some examples first from literature ? You know ?
06:29	So here we're looking for examples from books and plays
06:32	and and major works , wow . Very done ,
06:34	very good . So let's go with Jordan right here
06:36	, um Rodrigo , tell us about where Rodriguez comes
06:39	from . Well , you can fool because during the
06:42	whole place is providing comic relief , huh ? All
06:45	the crying and over Desdemona and things . But when
06:48	Castro was going on about Othello and basically just like
06:51	saying all these bad things about and he's like ,
06:53	well why don't you quit ? Yeah , and so
06:55	that was a good advice from it was and you
06:58	know what in Act Five , I won't ruin it
07:00	because we're not to act five yet . But in
07:02	Act five , Rodrigo is going to have this great
07:04	moment of wisdom . He's going to figure something out
07:06	that no one else has . So just wait for
07:08	that moment in Act five . She coby um I
07:12	said offer Yeah , tell us about it because he
07:15	kind of like does everything that they said , like
07:17	he says all this stuff about bear wolves that nobody
07:21	else kinda expected like anyone to say to him .
07:23	And then like at the end he did have like
07:25	the wisdom where him and there was extricated like exchange
07:28	the sorts and stuff . It's kind of it's perfect
07:30	, very good . He does fit well . Can
07:33	anybody think of the clue that tells us that Unferth
07:36	maybe of an inferior status ? There's one little clue
07:39	in the epic . What's that Roth guards . He
07:42	sits at Rutgers feet . That may give him a
07:45	court jester . Um Kind of role . We're not
07:47	sure though . That's ambiguous and ethic . That's an
07:48	excellent example . All right . Who else has an
07:50	example ? Homes up merry and pippen from Lord of
07:54	the Rings . Tell us how they fit . Because
07:57	like , they're always joking around the whole movie .
08:00	But then eventually , when they both are under stress
08:02	, they they both come through in different ways .
08:05	Absolutely . They bring the trees , right ? They
08:06	bring the ants and something else to look out for
08:09	. This is worth jotting down . Um Look for
08:12	Mhm . Silly names here too . You know ,
08:17	when we look at these names , look at Unferth
08:19	, Right . No courage , no peace . This
08:21	was something we looked at ideologically at one point .
08:23	Look at merry and pippin . What does mary mean
08:26	by happier jolly ? Yeah . So look for the
08:28	names to be a little silly to . Okay ,
08:31	excellent example . What's another one ? Yes , nipple
08:34	from harry potter . Very good . What's his whole
08:36	name ? Long , long bottom , long bottom .
08:41	You know , it's kind of like saying big bottom
08:43	. It's pretty funny . He has a good fee
08:45	appearance in the films , you know , he's got
08:47	buck teeth and everything . But boy , he comes
08:49	through , doesn't he ? A couple times . He
08:51	comes through for Harry and the Friends . Yeah .
08:53	Good . Okay , what's another one ? Yes ,
08:55	laura , I was gonna say . Um But well
08:59	, that's what this movie . Never mind it .
09:00	Okay , I'll call you back , I'll call you
09:02	back . Um Yes , I'm not sure . But
09:04	with Ron Weasley , he's still sort of the psychic
09:08	in the pool at times . Absolutely . Um Ron
09:11	Weasley has moments where he is in fact a sidekick
09:14	, but he does fulfill a fool . Um you
09:17	know , role as well , I have to answer
09:19	the phone . This is realistic . Okay , Sadie
09:23	. Um Also from Harry father's friend George . What's
09:27	that friend George ? Okay , tell us about it
09:29	. They like have their joke shop even when everything
09:32	is all gray and then like they played pranks at
09:36	the school when everything's bad , like when they have
09:37	the bad teachers and stuff . That's excellent . Thank
09:40	you . You can really tell rallying loves archetypal theory
09:43	, tons of archetypes . Yes , I don't know
09:45	if the Mad hatter , Oh absolutely the Mad Hatter
09:49	and the Mad Hatter's partner in silliness . The March
09:57	hare . Oh no , not the white rabbit .
10:02	The white rabbit is different this moment to watch ,
10:04	right ? With Alice and Alice in wonder . Like
10:06	The Mad Hatter is of course , spouting nonsense .
10:10	This is a Lewis carroll doing some satire because in
10:13	the 18 hundreds when hats were made , the workers
10:17	used Mercury to shine them up and they used their
10:19	hands , they didn't use gloves of the mercury .
10:21	Mercury is poisonous . And if you handle it too
10:23	much it can cause insanity . So in England mad
10:26	means crazy . Yeah , so he's mad . He's
10:29	crazy because of the hat making Lewis carroll is doing
10:31	a bit of satire here and the march hare in
10:34	March rabbits propagate . So if you uh so in
10:40	England , if you say that someone is acting like
10:41	a march hare , it means they're acting crazy ,
10:43	you know , out of control . So these two
10:45	are absolutely fools and Alice in Wonderland . Very good
10:48	. Alright , What's another example from lit here ?
10:51	Yes . Um well , the advisor from Mulan ,
10:55	like it was a book too , so mullen was
10:57	a book too , but the Advisor to the General
11:00	tell us about it . He um he wasn't really
11:03	helpful at first , like he kept trying to suck
11:05	up to the general . Uh , and then he
11:07	kind of helped out at the end with the general
11:10	sun , so he's more of a fool as opposed
11:13	to a wise old man . Okay . Sounds good
11:15	. So we'll put him down here for for pop
11:19	culture . Is there anything else you wanted to say
11:21	about literature before we move to pop culture ? Andrew
11:24	? I don't know about this one , but um
11:27	maybe Wilson from Gatsby explain . He just seems like
11:32	he's like always like , yeah , part of everyone's
11:36	joke and stuff . He's just not , he never
11:39	really succeeds . Yeah . He's the butt of everyone's
11:42	jokes . He's kind of a perennial loser . Yeah
11:44	, I can see where you're going with that .
11:46	I wonder is there does he have a lucky streak
11:49	or a moment of wisdom ? That's the only thing
11:52	, that's why I said I didn't know about .
11:54	Yeah , I think you're right , I think he's
11:55	kind of a tweener , I think he has elements
11:57	of it . I think it's a good point hums
11:59	up . Would Peter Pettigrew B1 from explain because well
12:04	, he would be the food to both Baltimore and
12:06	kind of Harry Potter , because Baltimore always kind of
12:08	picks on him and stuff . But when Harry really
12:11	needs him , peter pair who comes through because Harry
12:14	basically saved his life . So he has that streak
12:16	of helpfulness that could work . Absolutely . Uh Jack
12:21	, I don't know his name , but in the
12:23	Shirokov play we read in 10th grade , the Segal
12:27	Segal , I think he's like the grandfather character to
12:32	the main character whose name is , I don't know
12:40	his name , I don't know I know . But
12:42	yeah , he's like really jovial the whole time ,
12:45	while there's a lot of just like melodramatic things going
12:49	on in everyone's lives and it just kind of pokes
12:51	fun at it . Okay I guess insight to the
12:56	human condition does his poking fun involve making fun of
13:00	how seriously the characters are taking their lives and everything
13:03	that would seem to be actually perfect ? Yeah I
13:06	haven't read it in many years so I don't remember
13:07	the character either , but the example sounds good .
13:10	Um Others from lit I was also thinking about lenny
13:14	from of mice and men who is you know intellectually
13:17	challenged but definitely is wise about some things that he's
13:21	the only character on the ranch who isn't racist ,
13:23	he's the only character on the ranch who talks to
13:25	Curley's wife . So those are some ideas . There
13:28	. One thing I wanted to do before hip hop
13:30	culture Shakespeare does something great in Romeo and Juliet with
13:33	the fool because he spreads the full characteristics to two
13:36	different characters . Can you think of which two characters
13:39	in Romeo and Juliet have these characteristics and they're not
13:43	taking seriously before they have these moments of intense wisdom
13:46	. Yes josh Mercutio and the nurse from Romeo and
13:50	Juliet and let's give that man some snaps . So
13:55	tell us about that , tell us about Mercutio and
13:58	the nurse and how that works . Well , Mercutio
14:01	is kind of like Romeo's best buddy . They always
14:03	get into trouble and Mercutio doesn't really take anything seriously
14:08	and the nurse sort of just looks after Juliet and
14:11	like even she sort of like the help to the
14:13	capulet family so they don't really pay any attention to
14:16	her but she like knows things . Yeah , very
14:19	good . That's a nice job . I was I
14:21	was really amazed by how quickly you came up with
14:23	that . So does everybody have these examples written down
14:26	for lit ? Yeah , we're gonna go ahead and
14:28	move on to pop culture because I know you're really
14:30	dying to share your examples for pop culture . This
14:33	is so common in pop culture and entertainment . So
14:36	what are some examples ? Yeah , I knew it
14:38	. I could tell you're simmering here into the surface
14:42	with ideas . Yes , go ahead in the back
14:45	for sheets jar jar from Star Wars . Yes .
14:48	Tell us how Uh huh . I mean when like
14:51	everything goes wrong , he's always the one to mess
14:56	something up and make the audience laugh when everything's going
15:01	terribly wrong . Right . And what's his streak of
15:05	luck ? He gets this funny little little stroke of
15:07	luck later on , what happens to him ? Do
15:09	you remember ? That is really kind of great or
15:10	lucky ? Does anybody remember ? Can anybody tag team
15:14	remember what happened to George R . Yeah I think
15:16	when he was in the middle of the war and
15:19	then he got lucky because nobody shot him right ?
15:22	He walks to the battlefield with people falling in every
15:26	direction . He just kind of walks casually , threw
15:28	it also . Uh later on he becomes a very
15:31	important ambassador type for his country . Just by sheer
15:34	luck . He never designed this for himself . That's
15:37	a great example . Um What's another example ? Yes
15:39	Scalia um we came up with Bubba and Forest from
15:44	Forrest gump . Absolutely . Tell us how well they're
15:48	both they're both kind of like they give the impression
15:53	that they're kind of retarded in a way and but
15:58	then they both give they both give like great ideas
16:01	and saving lives and just like putting theirselves in other
16:06	people's hands like that kind of thing . Absolutely yeah
16:09	. They're wise about the things that matter . That's
16:11	a hallmark of the fool , but not taken seriously
16:13	by society , despite how much they add to it
16:15	. Yeah , that's excellent . They both are fools
16:17	. Very good . Who to choose . Let's see
16:19	here . Yes . For son , I said abu
16:24	from the latin , tell us about it . Um
16:26	well he's kind of like the fool , not really
16:29	the psychic to the whole movie . I think he's
16:32	like his point of wisdom is telling a lot and
16:37	to go talk to jasmine really like , I don't
16:40	think he has like a will like good like Sprinkle
16:46	up , you know , I think you're right because
16:48	he is the one that he is the one that
16:50	pushes Aladdin into , you know , chasing jasmine ,
16:53	which is his love . Absolutely , yeah , but
16:54	he has his foolish moments too , like in the
16:56	cave of wonders when he steals the jewel , you
16:59	know ? So he does that foolish moment as well
17:01	. It's a really good example , um , quasi
17:03	what'd you come up with ? I came up with
17:05	Homer Simpson . Absolutely . Because he does shed wisdom
17:10	to his Children . And also he's not really taking
17:13	serious by a lot of people . Absolutely . Does
17:16	anybody know the joke in his name ? There's a
17:19	joke in both names . Um , let's see here
17:22	, uh , s on you want to try where
17:23	the jokes in this name . Um Homer was like
17:27	the person who made the alien and anti goni honesty
17:32	, the honesty . Um , and um , he's
17:35	really well known for being very like just amazing with
17:42	words . That's what he does . That's right .
17:46	So the irony here is that , you know ,
17:48	Homer is um , as essen said , the one
17:51	who brings us the odyssey . So he's one of
17:52	the world's great poets and he's amazing with words .
17:54	Where is Homer Simpson ? It's not the most eloquent
17:58	character you've ever met . And then take a look
18:00	at Simpson . Does anybody have an idea of what's
18:02	going on with with Simpson ? Yes , Jordan simple
18:05	. It's like simple . Absolutely , Yes . A
18:07	really funny name here . Excellent job . Who else
18:10	has some examples here ? Who hasn't gone yet ?
18:11	Adam Donkey from Shrek . Absolutely . Tell us about
18:14	it . Uh well , he's kind of like shrinks
18:17	and I'd kick for like the journey through the woods
18:20	or whatever . But he provides comic relief and a
18:23	bunch of like uh dumb Sainz And he also has
18:27	some like wise , where is the wisdom ? At
18:29	some point ? He does . Donkey says the things
18:31	that we're often thinking , you know , the things
18:34	that we want to say . That's a great example
18:35	. Yes , go ahead . Okay . I don't
18:38	know her name , but it's from gone with the
18:39	wind and she's one of the really squeaky voice and
18:42	she's like , she's telling him she knows how to
18:44	deliver the baby , but she does it . Oh
18:46	yes . Um That's like the only funny part in
18:50	the movie . It isn't Sissy . It's something like
18:53	, it's something like that . I actually know what
18:55	you mean . I want to say . I'm gonna
18:57	put this in quotes because I'm not exactly sure .
19:00	She's one of the servants . Yeah , she absolutely
19:02	is the full . Yeah , I think that that's
19:04	her name . So this one definitely check up on
19:06	me on this one , so I'm not exactly sure
19:08	. Haven't seen in a while . Um Yes .
19:09	Well , I'm not exactly sure either , but with
19:12	harpo from the color purple B . One I think
19:14	so . Give it a try . Okay . Well
19:17	isn't harmful like , well in the movie , he
19:19	was like always the one who always get in trouble
19:21	and like can do things right . And Sophia always
19:25	didn't like the way he did things and stuff like
19:28	that . Good happy one . I think so .
19:30	And when you think about the name to , can
19:31	you think of another famous harpo ? This was before
19:33	your time , but I don't know if you've heard
19:35	this name before . Anyone ever heard of it before
19:39	harpo Marx Marx brothers . That's way before your time
19:43	. That's even before my time , if you can
19:46	imagine that . I mean , I went to high
19:47	school shortly after the Civil War so um let's see
19:50	, go ahead . Uh Shaggy and Scooby tell us
19:54	about it . They're always like , it's called like
19:57	Scooby . Like do it looks like the like the
19:59	show centered around him . But he's always like a
20:01	scaredy cat even though he's like the big rig ,
20:03	you know , dog . And he's always like trying
20:05	to like get out of the mystery and he always
20:07	ends up running into like the villain or doing something
20:10	like he didn't accidentally to catch the villain always be
20:13	the wrong place at the wrong time and get lucky
20:15	every time . It's a formula . Yeah , yeah
20:17	, that's very , very good . Good . We're
20:18	going to do a few more so we can progress
20:20	the Shakespeare . Let's see . Has everyone had a
20:22	chance to speak whose hands are raised ? Oh Shauna
20:26	, give us a character . But yes , just
20:29	like the water boy . Okay , excellent . Tell
20:32	us about it because he was like always doing funny
20:34	stuff . Any plays like a Fool and almost all
20:38	his movies , sure now Lassana brings up something we've
20:41	discussed before . There are certain actors and actresses that
20:44	get typecast into these archetypal rules . For instance ,
20:48	Angelina Jolie is often , which architectural character that we
20:51	studied , the fem fatale , Right ? So here
20:55	Adam Sandler is often the fool . Yeah , So
20:58	look for that . Um also I've noticed that that
21:00	some actors tend to be byronic heroes . Um I've
21:04	noticed that that brad pitt has taken a lot of
21:06	byronic hero characters . Yeah , just a couple more
21:09	. Everyone . Let's see . Go ahead . Clear
21:11	moshoeshoe from tell us about it because he's like always
21:19	the one that's just cracking jokes and but then he
21:22	always has like the times where when something happens ,
21:25	he's always the one that gives the insight and knows
21:28	what to do about it . He's right there .
21:29	Yeah , let's do one more . Let's see here
21:33	. Uh Andrew uh the drug dealer from Flight explain
21:39	because like every time , every time it's a really
21:42	intense movie and then every time they show him ,
21:46	he just comes in like breaks up all of the
21:48	tension in the movie , even though , I mean
21:50	it's unfortunate that he's a drug dealer , but then
21:52	at the same time he always says like he gives
21:55	him advice all the time . So I think that
21:58	works great . Andrew especially because the fool is supposed
22:00	to be outside of the typical society . He's definitely
22:04	not within that circle because drug dealing is not a
22:07	legitimate legal kind of business , but it probably gives
22:09	him insight . Yeah , that's excellent class . Any
22:13	questions about this concept about the archetypal fool , you
22:20	think ? Good . Alright , Class . Give yourself
22:23	some snaps please . Excellent .

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12th grade ELA lesson on archetypals in literature

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